Danish study links hormonal contraceptives to brain tumor risk
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A Danish study published in JAMA Network Open found that certain hormonal contraceptives may increase the risk of meningioma, the most common brain tumor in adults. The research analyzed data from over 1.5 million women, showing a 1.3-fold higher risk for users of some progestin-only pills.
The Study
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and other Danish institutions analyzed national health registry data from 2000 to 2020, covering 1.5 million women aged 15–49. They identified 317 cases of meningioma, with a statistically significant association for levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices and certain progestin-only pills. The absolute risk remains low: about 1.3 extra cases per 100,000 users per year.
Clinical Implications
Meningiomas account for up to 42% of all primary central nervous system tumors, according to the study. While most are benign, they can cause neurological symptoms and require surgery. The authors emphasize that the benefits of contraception outweigh the risks for most women, but suggest that clinicians consider the finding when prescribing long-term hormonal methods.
Mental Health Link Found
The study tracked over one million women for 14 years, revealing a link between hormonal birth control and antidepressant prescriptions. This suggests a potential impact on mental health beyond the previously known meningioma risk.
What's Next
The study authors call for further research to confirm the mechanism and assess risk by contraceptive type. It remains unclear whether regulatory agencies will update safety labels or guidelines based on these findings.
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Danish study links hormonal contraceptives to brain tumor risk
